FM board exam prep

Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by recurrent painful nodules, abscesses, and sinus tracts in intertriginous areas. For patients with mild HS, topical clindamycin is generally recommended as the first-line treatment [CONTINUE READING…]

Anticoagulation Therapy: Patients Undergoing Elective Procedures

The management of anticoagulation therapy in patients undergoing elective procedures requires a precise understanding of both the risks associated with warfarin and the potential consequences of discontinuation. Current guidelines indicate that continuing warfarin prior to [CONTINUE READING…]

BRIDGE Trial

The BRIDGE trial represents a pivotal examination of anticoagulant management, specifically focusing on patients who require temporary interruption of warfarin, often for invasive procedures. The trial’s findings underscore the necessity of carefully balancing the risks [CONTINUE READING…]

Overactive Bladder: Urinary Frequency Without Polydipsia

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent condition distinguished by a compelling urge to urinate, often accompanied by increased urinary frequency. It is crucial to understand OAB not just from a clinical perspective, but also through [CONTINUE READING…]

Interstitial Cystitis: Urinary Frequency Without Polydipsia

Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as painful bladder syndrome, is a chronic condition characterized by recurring pelvic pain, pressure, and urinary frequency. In this context, it is crucial to discern how urinary frequency can manifest [CONTINUE READING…]

SIADH and Hyponatremia

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a complex endocrine disorder characterized by excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) despite normal or low plasma osmolarity. This pathological condition leads to water retention, resulting [CONTINUE READING…]

Diabetes Insipidus

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare but significant disorder characterized by the body’s inability to concentrate urine, leading to an excessive loss of water. This condition manifests through hallmark symptoms, including polydipsia (excessive thirst), polyuria [CONTINUE READING…]

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Due to Lithium Therapy

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a condition characterized by the kidneys’ inability to concentrate urine, leading to excessive thirst and urination. A significant cause of secondary NDI is lithium therapy, commonly used in the treatment [CONTINUE READING…]

Psychogenic Polydipsia in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities

Psychogenic polydipsia, characterized by excessive fluid consumption without a physiological need, presents unique challenges in individuals with intellectual disabilities. This phenomenon can have significant implications for both physical health and overall well-being, necessitating a thorough [CONTINUE READING…]